枣和酸枣亲缘关系的RAPD分析

选取陕北黄河峡谷一带的44份种质为研究对象,其中枣25份、酸枣11份和过渡型酸枣8份,采用RAPD分子标记技术,探索枣和酸枣在起源地的亲缘关系。结果表明:13个引物共扩增195条谱带,其中多态性带161条,占总扩增谱带的82.56%,平均每个引物扩增15条谱带、扩增多态性谱带12.38条。表明枣、过渡型酸枣和酸枣种质具有丰富的遗传多样性。聚类分析把44份供试材料分为3类,地理区域相近的酸枣、过渡型酸枣和枣多聚在一起,其遗传相似性大,表现出较近的亲缘关系;可以看出酸枣经过渡型酸枣向枣的演化通过多条路径完成。该研究说明,在我国枣的起源地或原产地,研究枣和酸枣的遗传演化关系,具有较强的代表性。

Genetic relationship of Chinese jujube(Ziziphus jujuba) and sour jujube (Z.spinosa) based on RAPD markers

The genetic relationship of 25 Chinese jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) and 19 sour jujube(Z.spinosa Hu.) sampled primarily from the origin center of Chinese jujube,the Yellow River Canyon located in North Shaanxi,were analyzed using RAPD.Thirteen primers selected from 50 10-mer arbitrary ones were employed to make RAPD analysis for 44 materials.High polymorphic were identified,and a total of 195 DNA bands were amplified,among which 161(82.56%) were polymorphic bands,15 bands were obtained per primer in average.The results revealed abundant genetic diversity in the 44 germplasms on DNA level.Tree diagrams were established by UPGMA methods,and the 44 germplasms could be divided into three clusters based on genetic distance of 22.0.It was not that all of the sour jujube or jujube come to one cluster,but the ones from the near places came into a cluster.It was displayed a genetic way as sour jujube→transition-sour jujube→Chinese jujube.The evolution from sour jujube to Chinese jujube was multi-way.As the origin place of Chinese jujube,the Yellow River Canyon had more complicated genetic background in the evolution of Chinese jujube and sour jujube.In this area,sour jujube,transition-acid jujube and Chinese jujube came out closer relationship,presented the character of the origin region.It was further revealed that the genetic relationship in the origin was more representative.