外源化学物质影响光敏核不育水稻育性转换的研究

为探讨解决低温引起光敏核不育水稻育性不稳定问题的途径,1990年和1991年用CoCl_2、乙烯利、B_(40)(生长调节剂)和“901”等四种外源化学物质对W6154S、W6111S、5047S、IS001S及M105S等光(温)敏核不育水稻进行叶面喷施。结果表明,当供试材料育性转换敏感期处于不育条件(长日和高温)下,喷施1000ppm的CoCl_2,与对照组(自交结实率≤1.5%)相比,提高正常花粉率8.9%—25.5%,提高自交结实率1.4%—7.6%。在可育条件(短日或低温下)下,喷施1500ppm和1000ppm的CoCl_2,对可育性恢复也有一定的促进作用。与此相反,当供试材料育性转换敏感期处于可育条件下,喷施4500ppm的乙烯利、150ppm的B40和360ppm的“901”,可提高花粉败育率4.4%—38.5%,降低自交结实率1.6%—26.2%。本文还讨论了外源化学物质对光敏核不育水稻育性转换的作用特点及处理方法。

Effects of Exogenous Chemicals on the Fertile Transformation in Photoperiod Sensitive Genic Male-sterile Rice.

In order to seek the way of solving the problem of unstable sterility in photoperiod sensitive genic malesterile rice (PGMR). four types of exogenous chemicals (CoCl:, Ethrel, B40 and "901")were sprayed on the leaves of six PGMR lines(W6154s, W6111S,5047S,M105S,IS001S and 7001S)in 1990 and 1991. The results showed that the malefertile restoration was significantly inhibited, when Ethrel,B40 and "901 "were applied to the plants which sensitive stages of fertile transformation were in the fertile conditions (short daylenghth and/or low temperature). On the contrary,the male fertility was partly restored ,when C0Cl_2 was applied to those plants which sensitive stages of fertile transformation were in the sterile conditions (long daylength and/or high temperature). The treating techniques of the exogenous substances and the characteristic of the effects of them on the fertile transformation in PGMR were discussed.