宁夏回族自治区平罗县主要农作物碳足迹研究

农田碳足迹可以全面地反映农作物生产过程中各种因素引起的碳排放效应,是指导农业生产节能减排的重要指标。为探明农作物生产的碳足迹,基于宁夏回族自治区平罗县农田生产的实地调查数据,利用碳足迹的基本理论和方法,测算了该县农作物碳足迹。结果表明,水稻、玉米和小麦的碳足迹分别为1 487.56±164.59,913.03±142.99和809.75±144.99kg Ce/(hm2.a);碳成本分别为0.17±0.05,0.08±0.02g和0.12±0.03kg Ce/kg;化肥的施用量是影响碳足迹的主要因素,而水稻生产过程中灌溉水及育秧过程也是其碳足迹较高的主要原因。为了提高农田固碳减排增汇效益,应压缩水稻种植面积,扩大玉米和小麦种植,同时,建立节肥低碳高效的种植模式是实现平罗县农田节能减排的有效途径。

Main Crops Carbon Footprint in Pingluo County of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

The carbon emission caused by various factors during the crop production process can be roundly evaluated using carbon footprint of farmland, which is an important indicator that can provide a guidance for energy saving and emission reduction in agricultural industry. In order to find out the carbon footprint of crop production, the carbon footprint of Pingluo County in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is calculated based on the investigated data of farmland production in the county by using basic theories and research ap-proaches of carbon footprint.Results show that the carbon footprints of rice, corn and wheat are 1 487.56±164.59, 913.03±142.99 and 809.75±144.99kg Ce/(hm²·a) and the carbon costs, 0.17±0.05, 0.08±0.02and 0.12±0.03kg Ce/kg, respectively. The application rate of chemical fertilizer is a main influence factor for the carbon footprint.Additionally, irrigation water and seedling production are the key causes of high-carbon footprint during rice production. To improve the benefits of fixing carbon, reducing emissions and adding carbon sinks of farmland, rice planting area should be reduced and corn and wheat planting areas should be expanded.Meanwhile, the construction of fertilizer-saving, low-carbon and efficient agricultural cropping patterns is an effective way to realize energy saving and emission reduction of the farmlands in Pingluo County