舀勺式马铃薯播种机排种器清种装置设计与试验

针对目前舀勺式马铃薯播种机排种器清种装置振动频率不均、振幅调整不匀,以及清种部件结构不合理,导致种薯重播率高、漏播率高和损伤率高等问题,设计了舀勺式马铃薯播种机排种器的清种装置。通过对清种作业过程进行运动学和动力学分析,确定了影响清种效果的主要因素,设计了清种装置的关键部件。以偏心距、输送带主驱动轮转速、种层高度为试验因素,以重播率、漏播率为试验指标进行田间试验,试验结果表明:弹性引导式清种部件可有效清除勺间夹带种薯,振动清种装置可有效清除勺内多余种薯,显著提升了排种器的工作效率。当偏心距为1. 9 mm、输送带主驱动轮转速为40. 61 r/min、种层高度为33 cm时,重播率为3. 04%,漏播率为2. 01%,指标优于国家行业标准,清种效果提升显著。

Design and Experiment of Seed-clearing Device for Cup-belt Type Patato Seed-metering Device

Aiming at the problem that uneven vibration frequency, uneven amplitude adjustment and unreasonable structure of the seed dressing device, the seedlings had high weight loss rate and high damage rate. Breeding device for potato seeder seed metering device was designed. Through the kinematics and dynamics analysis of the cleaning operation process, the main factors affecting the seed cleaning effect were determined, and the structure of the seed cleaning device was designed. This plank can also reduce the horizontal velocity of potato seed to decrease the distance of potato drop into furrow. The eccentricity, the main driving wheel speed of the conveyor belt and the height of the seed layer were used as experimental factors. The field experiment was carried out with the re-broadcast rate and the missed-air rate as test indicators. The test results showed that the elastic-guided clean-up parts can effectively remove the seed potatoes between the spoons, and the vibration-cleaning device can effectively remove the excess seed potatoes in the spoon, which was significantly improved. When the eccentricity was 1.9mm, the main drive wheel speed of the conveyor belt was 40.61r/min, and the seed layer height was 33cm, the replay index was 3.04%, and the missed broadcast index was 2.01%. The index was better than standard of China. According to industry standards, the effect of seed cleaning was significantly improved. The device provided a theoretical reference for improving the design of the seeding device of the scoop potato planter.