水稻根系对1,2,4-三氯苯胁迫的应答

应用蛋白质组学、电镜观察、脂质过氧化物测定等方法研究了二个不同类型水稻品种的根系对有机污染物1,2,4-三氯苯（TCB）胁迫的应答。结果表明，TCB胁迫抑制水稻根系生长，影响根细胞结构，导致脂质过氧化。TCB胁迫对水稻根系蛋白质组也有显著影响。TCB胁迫能诱导根系内不同类型蛋白质的表达，它们是：解毒酶（包括脂酶、醛/酮还原酶、谷胱甘肽-硫转移酶），细胞壁物质代谢相关酶（包括蛋白转葡萄糖基酶、GDP-甘露糖-3,5-异构酶1），激素代谢或调节相关酶（包括酸式-还原酮二加氧酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、病程相关蛋白家族10中的2个不同蛋白），原初或次生代谢相关酶（包括转录延长因子、细胞质磷酸丙酮酸双激酶、磷酸丙糖异构酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶和异黄酮还原酶）。TCB胁迫诱导矮仔占根系中β-葡萄糖苷酶和病程相关蛋白家族10蛋白的表达，及汕优63根系中谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶和酸式-还原酮二加氧酶的表达，这种诱导蛋白的差异可能是汕优63较矮仔占对TCB胁迫有较高耐性的机理之一。

Response of Rice Roots to 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene Stress

The responses of rice roots to 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB) stress were investigated by proteomic analysis, electron micrograph observation, and lipid peroxide estimation. The results showed that TCB stress inhibited root growth, led to water deficit in rice seedlings, affected cell structure and caused lipid peroxidation in rice roots. Moreover, TCB stress had significant effect on global proteome in rice roots. The analysis of the category and function of TCB stress inducible proteins showed that different groups of proteins were induced by 5 mg L^-1 TCB stress. They are detoxification enzymes (including esterase, aldo/keto reductases, and glutathione S-transferase), cell wall compound metabolism related enzymes (including UDP-glucose protein transglucosylase and GDP-mannose 3,5-epimerase 1), phytohormone metabolism and regulation related enzymes or proteins (including aci-reductone dioxygenase 4, beta-glucosidase, two members of pathogenesis-related proteins from family 10), primary and secondary metabolism regulative enzymes (including translational elongation factor Tu, cytosolic orthophosphate dikinase, triosephosphate isomerases, alanine aminotransferase, and isoflavone reductase). Compared the TCB stress inducible proteins between two cultivars, β-glucosidase and PR10 proteins were particularly induced in Aizizhan roots, and glutathione S-transferase and aci-reductone dioxygenase 4 were induced in Shanyou 63 roots. This might be one of the important mechanisms for Shanyou 63 having higher tolerance to TCB stress than Aizizhan.