Effects of DDT and its metabolites on soil algae and enzymatic activity

 The persistence of DDT 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane] and its metabolites in soil, their toxicity to soil algae, and effects on microbial activities were studied in laboratory microcosms for 45 days. In non-sterile soils, removal of DDD 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane] and DDE 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene] was less than 3%, while 4–8% of applied DDMU 1-chloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene], DDA 2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)acetic acid] and DDT were lost. Added DDOH 2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethanol] was more labile, as 60% was degraded during the same period. Soil microalgae were not measurably affected by the compounds tested at 10–50 mg kg^–1, but at 100 mg kg^–1 soil, DDD, DBP (p,p′-dichlorobenzophenone) and DDA significantly reduced their growth. Phosphatase activity was not affected by DDT and its metabolites at the concentrations tested (≤50 mg kg^–1), but all compounds inhibited dehydrogenase activity at concentrations of 50 mg kg^–1 soil. The toxic effects of DDT and its metabolites were dose-related. Received: 9 January 1998