野生小豆和栽培小豆种子表型性状分析

【目的】了解小豆种质资源种子表型性状的变异及性状间的关系,对于筛选具有高产潜力和大粒的小豆种质资源具有重要意义。【方法】利用SC-G型自动考种分析及千粒重仪对54份野生小豆、55份半野生小豆和255份栽培小豆的种子进行分析,获得了种子百粒重、投影面积、周长、种长、种宽、长宽比、直径和圆度等8个性状的表型数据,进行种子性状的表型变异、相关性和变异的主成分分析。【结果】不同小豆种质资源种子表型性状变异较大,其中百粒重变异系数最大。从野生小豆、半野生小豆到栽培小豆,籽粒逐渐增大,且籽形变圆。种子百粒重、投影面积、周长、种长、种宽和直径之间呈极显著正相关,种子大小和种子形状的主成分贡献率分别为77.21%和21.97%,累计贡献率为99.18%。【结论】野生和栽培小豆种质资源的种子表型性状变异明显,性状间相关性显著,野生小豆到栽培小豆的驯化过程中籽粒变大趋圆,筛选出6份具有高产潜力和大粒的小豆种质资源。

Analysis of phenotypic traits of wild adzuki bean and cultivated adzuki bean

[Objective]Variation of seed phenotype characters and relationship among the traits is important for selecting adzuki bean germplasm resources with high yield potential and large grain.[Methods]The accessions of 54 wild adzuki bean,55 semi wild and 255 cultivated adzuki bean from different origins were measured by SC-G automatic seed analyzer.Phenotypic data were analyzed for variance,correlation and principal component analysis.[Results]The results showed that the variation of 100-seed weight was the largest among all the tested accessions,and seed size was gradually increased from wild and semi-wild to cultivated adzuki bean.There was a significantly positive correlation between the weight of 100 seeds,projection area,perimeter,seed length,seed width and diameter.Principal components of seed size and seed shape accounted for 77.21％ and 21.97％ of these accessions in adzuki bean had a wide variation.[Conclusion]There was a significant correlation between the traits.In the process of domestication,seed became larger and rounder.6 germplasm resources with high-yield potential and larger seed were selected.