苹果种质资源抗旱性鉴定研究Ⅶ.干旱条件下苹果幼树生长与叶片形态特征变化

本文采用土壤干旱的方法测定了 4个盆栽苹果品种幼树枝叶生长和叶片形态特征的变化 ,结果表明 ,水分亏缺降低苹果属植物的枝叶生长量和生长速率 ,降低幼树叶面积、叶干重、比干重、茎干重、根干重和总干重 ,使根冠比增高 ,干物质随干旱向根系分配的比率增大 ,叶面积在水势为 - 0 4～ - 1 5Mpa之间被明显抑制 ,随着叶片RWC降低 ,叶片上表皮明显增厚 ,而下表皮变化不明显 ,叶片栅栏组织增厚、变短、排列紧密 ,海绵组织变薄、排列疏松 不同种和不同品种间上述指标呈现一定差异

Study on ldentification of Drought-Resistance of Several Apple Species.Ⅶ Changes of the growth and the leaf morphological character of young apple trees under the soil drought

The changes of the growth and development of the branch and leaves and the leaf morphological character of 4 potted cultured apple Varieties were studied under the soil drought.The result indicated that water deficiency decreased the amount and rate in the growth of the branch and leaves of the apple plant.It can also result in decreasing the leaf area and the dry weiqhi of leaf and stems and roots,But it increased the ratio of the root to canopy in dry weight and the ratio of the substances distribute to the root .Leaf area growth was distinctly inhibited in soil water potential from-0.4Mpa to -1.5Mpa.With the leaf RWC decreased,the super cuticle of leaf distinctly thicken,but the lower cuticle had no obvious changes to be seen.The paling tissue of leaf became thicken,shorten and ranked in close together but the sponge tissue became thinned and ranked in loose together There were significant differences of all these indices among the apple varieties.