大豆二粒荚长、宽相关QTL间上位效应和QE互作效应分析

【目的】定位大豆二粒荚长、宽QTL，并分析QTL间的上位效应和与环境（QTL-by-environment, QE）的互作效应。【方法】利用Charleston×东农594重组自交系及其F2:14-F2:18代的重组自交系的147个株系为试验材料，164个SSR引物经亲本筛选后用于群体扩增构建的SSR遗传图谱，利用混合区间作图法，对2006-2010年连续5年一个地点的大豆二粒荚长、宽进行QTL定位，并作加性效应、加性×加性上位互作效应及环境互作效应分析。【结果】检测到8对有加性效应的二粒荚长QTL，加性效应的总贡献率27.2%，与环境互作总贡献率达到10.19%；6对有加性效应的二粒荚宽QTL，加性效应的总贡献率16.27%，与环境互作总贡献率达到12.18%。9对影响二粒荚长的加性×加性上位互作效应的QTL，可解释该性状总变异的9.02%；8对影响二粒荚宽的加性×加性上位互作效应的QTL，可解释该性状总变异的8.81%。【结论】上位效应和环境效应在二粒荚长、宽性状的遗传中起了重要作用，因此，在分子标记辅助育种中应该考虑对效应起主要作用的QTL和上位性QTL，又要考虑微效多基因的聚合。

Epistatic Effects and QE Interaction Effects of QTLs for Two-Seed Pod Length and Width in Soybean

【Objective】The objective of this study was to investigate the epistatic effects and QE interaction effects of QTLs for two-seed pod length and two-seed pod width.【Method】In order to find out these results,a F2:14-F2:18 RIL population containing 147 lines derived from a cross between Charleston as female parent and Dongnong594 as male parent were used in this experiment.A genetic linkage map was constructed with 164 SSR primers screened in two parents and amplified in 147 lines population.QTLs and epistatic effects and QE Interaction effects of QTLs were located on one site in five years with a mixed linear model(QTLmapper1.6).QTLs for these were detected in a five-year experiment with the recombination inbred lines(RIL) population derived from a cross between Charleston and Dongnong 594.【Result】Eight two-seed pod length QTLs and six two-seed pod width with additive effects were detected,the additive effects contribution rate were 27.2% and 16.27%,respectively,the general contribution of interaction between QTLs and environment were 10.19% and 12.18%.Nine pairs of two-seed pod length QTLs with epistatic effects were found in the RIL,accounting for 9.02% of the general phenotypic variation,and eight pairs of two-seed pod width QTLs accounting for 8.81% of the general phenotypic variation.【Conclusion】The results indicated that the epistatic effects and the environmental factor played an important role in the inheritance of two seed-pod length and width in soybean.Therefore,both major and minor QTLs should be considered in the improvement in soybean breeding.