香茅草粉替代抗生素对文昌鸡生长性能的影响

目的] 研究利用香茅草粉替代抗生素作为饲料添加剂在文昌鸡养殖上的应用效果,为文昌鸡无抗饲养寻找新途径。方法] 将30只1月龄文昌鸡随机分为3组,每组10只,公母各半。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组1基础日粮中添加3%香茅草粉,试验组2基础日粮中添加0.1%阿莫西林。公鸡、母鸡分笼饲养,试验期28 d。记录各组日采食量,计算平均日增重和料肉比;测定十二指肠、空肠、回肠绒毛长度和隐窝深度,计算绒隐比;测定血清中总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性及丙二醛（MDA）含量。结果] 试验组1和试验组2的平均日增重显著（P<0.05）高于对照组,试验组1与试验组2无显著（P>0.05）差异;3个组的平均日采食量和料肉比无显著差异（P>0.05）。与对照组相比,试验组1和试验组2的十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度及空肠绒隐比显著（P<0.05）提高,试验组1与试验组2无显著（P>0.05）差异;3个组的十二指肠和回肠绒隐比、回肠绒毛高度差异不显著（P>0.05）。试验组1的血清CAT活力显著（P<0.05）高于对照组和试验组2;3个组的T-SOD活力差异不显著（P>0.05）;试验组1和试验组2的血清MDA含量显著（P<0.05）低于对照组,试验组1与试验组2无显著（P>0.05）差异。结论] 饲料中添加香茅草粉能提高文昌鸡生长性能,促生长作用优于抗生素。

Effects of Replacing Antibiotics with Lemongrass Meal on Growth Performance of Wenchang Chickens

Objective] To assess the application effects of lemongrass meal as feed additive instead of antibiotics in Wenchang chickens feeding, and to explore new route for antibiotic-free feeding of Wenchang chickens. Method] A total of 30 one-month-old Wenchang chickens were randomly divided into three groups, and there were 10 individuals with half males and half females in each group. The control group was fed with a basal diet, and the experimental groups 1 and 2 were fed with the basal diet supplemented with 3% lemongrass meal and 0.1% amoxicillin, respectively. The male and female Wenchang chickens were reared in separate cages. The experimental period lasted for 28 d. The daily feed intake was recorded, and the average daily weight gain and feed to gain ratio were calculated; the villus height and crypt depth of duodenum, jejunum and ileum were determined, and the corresponding villus height to crypt depth ratio （V/C） was calculated; the activities of serum total superoxide dismutase （T-SOD） and catalase （CAT） as well as the serum content of malondialdehyde （MDA） were determined. Result] The average daily weight gains of experimental groups 1 and 2 were significantly （P<0.05） higher in comparison with control group, and there was no significant （P>0.05） difference between experimental group 1 and experimental group 2; no significant （P>0.05）differences in average daily feed intake and feed to gain ratio among different groups were observed. Compared with control group, the villus height of duodenum and jejunum as well as the V/C of jejunum in experimental groups 1 and 2 were significantly （P<0.05） increased, and there were no significant （P>0.05） differences between experimental group 1 and experimental group 2; no significant （P>0.05） differences in V/C of duodenum and ileum as well as villus height of ileum among different groups were found. Experimental group 1 had significantly （P<0.05） higher activity of serum CAT in comparison with control group and experimental group 2; no significant （P>0.05） differences in activities of serum T-SOD were observed among different groups; the serum contents of MDA in experimental groups 1 and 2 were significantly （P<0.05） lower in comparison with control group, and there was no significant （P>0.05） differences between experimental group 1 and experimental group 2. Conclusion] Dietary supplementation of lemongrass meal improves the growth performance of Wenchang chickens, and has better growth promoting effect than antibiotics.