林分结构与水源涵养功能耦合关系研究——以北京八达岭林场为例

利用2004年北京市八达岭林场的森林资源二类调查数据,选取了林分起源、乔木平均高、郁闭度等14个林分结构因子,通过因子分析的方法,研究了林分结构因子与森林水源涵养功能之间的关系,建立林分结构与功能耦合关系的模型,并根据模型的计算结果,对研究地区各小班进行了综合分析。结果表明,阔叶林小班的水源涵养功能优于针叶林小班,天然林小班优于人工林小班,水源涵养功能较好的小班多具有以下结构特征:天然起源、阔叶林或者混交林,植被总盖度>75%,林分郁闭度在0.5～0.8,林层结构为复层林,林龄为中龄林及以上。

Relationship between Forest Stand Structure and Function of Water Conservation——A Case Study of Badaling Forest Farm

Fourteen factors related to forest stand structure were selected from the data of forest inventory for Badaling Forest Farm of Beijing in 2004,including the origin,the average high of tree and the closure,and so on.The relationship between these factors and function of water conservation of forest were studied through factor analysis,and based on this analysis.The model of coupling relationship between structure and function was built.According to the results of the model,a comprehensive analysis was made for each class in study area.The results showed that water conservation function of broad-leaved forests was better than that of coniferous forests,and natural forests were better than plantations.The forests with better water conservation function were characterized: they originated from natural forests,they were broad-leaved forests or mixed forests,their covering rates were over 75%,the degrees of closure were between 0.5 to 0.8,and they were middle-aged forests.