我国沿海湿地及其保护研究

我国沿海地区湿地资源十分丰富,总面积为622.76万hm2,具有抵御海啸和风暴潮、护卫滨海国土、防止海水入侵、美化人居环境的功能。但我国沿海湿地正面临着来自人类的巨大威胁,主要威胁因子有对湿地的盲目围垦和改造、湿地环境污染、生物资源的过度利用等,导致沿海地区自然湿地数量持续减少、湿地生态功能退化乃至丧失,已难以保障沿海地区的生态安全。根据我国沿海湿地面临的威胁和问题,应尽快实施沿海地区湿地保护与恢复工程,加强湿地保护立法和管理机构建设。

Coastal Wetland Resources Conservation in China

There are rich wetland resources in coastal areas and the total area is up to 6.2 276mln hm2,with the function of defense of tsunami & storm tide,protection of coastal line,prevention of the invasion of salt water, and beautification of environment.At present,the wetlands in coastal area are subject to some serious threats such as reclamation,pollution and over-exploitation of natural resources.All the threats have resulted in the continuous degradation,even loss of wetlands,and the situation can't meet the requirement of ecological security of coastal areas.Facing the problems mentioned above, the conservation strategy of coastal wetlands and the coastal wetland conservation and restoration program should be implemented,and the improvement of legislation on wetlands and capacity building of relevant institutions should be enhanced as soon as possible.