新疆典型草地土壤光谱特征研究

使用SVC-HR768便携式光谱仪，对新疆10种典型草地类型土壤进行了室内光谱采集。运用包络线去除法处理光谱数据。结果表明：10种典型新疆草地土壤在350～2500 nm范围内，除温性山地草甸土壤有4个光谱吸收谷（1个有机质吸收谷，3个水分吸收谷），其余9种典型草地土壤都是5个光谱吸收谷（2个有机质吸收谷，3个水分吸收谷）；比较有机质吸收谷波段范围发现，10种典型草地土壤的光谱曲线下凹最明显的土层主要是0～30 cm；对同种深度的高寒类和温性类草地土壤光谱特征分析比较得出，同种气候类型的草地土壤0～5 cm 有机质吸收谷波段差异明显，高寒类的草地土壤有机质吸收谷波度范围窄于温性类草地土壤。干旱区新疆的草地土壤有机质光谱作用范围发生了“前移”。

Soil Spectral Property of Xinjiang Grassland

Ten kinds of typical grassland soil were investigated in Xinjiang using SVC-HR768 portable spectrometer. The experimental results showed that the nine kinds of typical grassland soil in Xinjiang had five spectral absorption valleys in 350～2500 nm (Two organic matter absorption valleys, three water absorption valleys), and one soil type (warm mountain meadow soil) had four spectral absorption valleys (An organic matter absorption valley, valley three water absorption). Analysis of the organic matter absorption valley band range indicated that the spectral curves of the most obvious concave was detected in 0～30 cm soil layers for all tested typical grassland soil types. The absorption band of soil organic matter had significant difference among 0 to 5 cm soil layers. The soil organic matter of Alpine steppe had narrow absorption range compared to that of Temperature steppe. The spectrum scope of grassland soil organic matter in the arid area of Xinjiang moved forward comparing with others.