森林土壤氮贮量及氮素输入过程研究进展

森林土壤是氮最重要的贮藏库,且发挥着重要的氮源、汇和库的功能,而其氮素贮存和输入过程也显著影响着森林生态系统的结构和功能.自工业革命以来,人类活动已经显著改变了全球的氮素输入,造成了森林衰退及一系列严重的环境问题,所以森林土壤氮贮量及氮输入过程的研究已成为当前研究的热点.文中综述了森林土壤氮贮量和生物固氮、大气氮沉降、凋落物归还、施肥等氮素输入途径的研究现状,并对研究中存在的不确定性和争论焦点问题进行了提纯、分析.最后,归纳出该领域研究的不足和今后的发展趋势.

Advances in the Study of the Nitrogen Storages and Nitrogen Input Process of Forest Soil

Forest soil is the most important pool for storing nitrogen, and serves as the source, sink or pool. Nitrogen storage and its input in forest soils will significantly influence the structure and functions of forest ecosystems. The notable change of nitrogen input is resulted from human activity, which simultaneously caused forest decline and some environmental problems after industrial revolution. Hence study on nitrogen storages and its input has become one of the hot spots at present. This paper summarizes the advances in the research on nitrogen storage and each nitrogen input approach, namely, biological nitrogen fixation, atmospheric nitrogen deposition, litter decomposition, litter return and fertilization, through collecting a lot of domestic and overseas research reports. It refines and analyzes the uncertainty and discussion focus in the study. Finally, the problems and the future tendency in this field are summed up.