桃早花种类雌雄配子体发育特性的研究

桃一些早花种类雌雄配子体发育具有特殊性。甘肃桃（ＰｒｕｎｕｓｋａｎｓｕｅｎｓｉｓＲｅｈｄ．）、山桃（Ｐ．ｄａｖｉｄｉａｎａＦｒａｎｃｈｅｔ）和白碧桃（Ｐ．ｐｅｒｓｉｃａＢａｔｓｃｈ．ｆ．ａｌｂａ－ｐｌｅｎａＳｃｈｎｅｉｄ）花粉发育远远早于栽培桃（Ｐ．ｐｅｒｓｉｃａＳｉｅｂ．ｅｔＺｕｃｃ．），冬季已经形成花粉粒，栽培桃春季才形成花粉粒。桃与山桃的杂种后代花粉发育与山桃相似，而且深冬寒冷条件下仍能发育。山桃雌雄配子体的发育不同步。山桃雌配子体发育既早于栽培桃又表现各发育时期持续的时间较栽培桃长，二者雌配子体发育上最大的区别是，山桃冬前形成胚珠原基而后越冬，而栽培桃以子房阶段越冬，春季才形成胚珠原基。

Study on the Characteristics of Megagametophyte and Microgametophyte Development of Early-blooming Peach Species

Some early- blooming peach species has special characteristics in the development of megagametophyte and microgametophyte. Prunus kansuensis Rehd., P. davidiana Franchet and P. persica Batsch. f. alba-plena Schneid form pollen grains that survive the winter, but P. persica Sieb. et Zucc. forms pollen grains in the spring. The pollen grain development of F1 and F2 hybrids of P. persica Sieb. et Zucc and P. davidiana Franchet is similar to that of P. davidiana Franchet and continues development under low temperature conditions in the winter. The megagametophyte and microgametophyte development of P. davidiana Franchet is not synchronistic.Each megagametophyte development phase of P. davidiana Franchet is earlier than that of P. persica sieb. et Zucc. and the period of each P. davidiana Franchet megagametophyte development phase is longer than that of P. persica Sieb. et Zucc. P. davidiana Franchet and P.persica Sieb. et Zucc. differs mainly in that P. davidiana Franchet forms the ovule primordium before the winter while P. persica Sieb. et Zucc. forms the ovule primordium in the spring.