哈茨木霉拌种对冬小麦生长、土传病害及根际真菌群落的影响

为了明确哈茨木霉LTR-2拌种处理冬小麦的田间效果,为木霉拌种剂的推广应用提供依据,本试验从2016年－2018年连续3年,研究了哈茨木霉LTR-2拌种对小麦出苗率、幼苗生长、小麦纹枯病和茎基腐病发生情况和产量的影响,通过高通量测序和FUNGuild预测分析了木霉拌种对小麦根际土壤中真菌群落组成的影响。结果表明,哈茨木霉LTR-2拌种可以提高小麦的出苗率和冬前分蘖数;对小麦纹枯病的平均防效60%以上;对小麦茎基腐病的平均防效65%以上,优于6%戊唑醇悬浮种衣剂;与不拌种对照相比,哈茨木霉LTR-2拌种处理增产4.3%~6.34%,增产效果略高于6%戊唑醇悬浮种衣剂;木霉拌种可以降低小麦根际土壤中病原真菌的相对丰度,特别是土壤中镰孢属真菌的相对丰度。因此,哈茨木霉LTR-2可以作为化学拌种剂的绿色替代产品用于小麦生产。

Effects of seed dressing treatment with Trichoderma harzianum on the growth of winter wheat seedlings, soil borne diseases and rhizosphere fungal community

This study aimed to verify the field effects of seed dressing treatment with Trichoderma harzianum LTR-2 on winter wheat, and provide a basis for the promotion and application of Trichoderma seed dressing agents. The effects on wheat emergence rate and seedling growth, the incidence of wheat sharp eyespot and crown rot and yield were studied for three consecutive years from 2016 to 2018 after T. harzianum LTR-2 seed dressing treatment. At the same time, high-throughput sequencing and FUNGuild were used to analyze the fungal communities in rhizosphere soil of wheat between T.harzianum LTR-2 seed dressing and the control. The results showed that T.harzianum LTR-2 seed dressing could increase wheat emergence rate and tiller number before winter. The average control effects reached over 60% against wheat sharp eyespot, and over 65% against crown rot, which was better than tebuconazole 6% FSC treatment. Compared with the control, T.harzianum LTR-2 seed dressing treatment increased wheat yield by 4.3%-6.34%, which was also slightly better than tebuconazole 6% FSC treatment. Through the analysis of fungal community, we found that T.harzianum LTR-2 seed dressing could reduce the relative abundance of pathogenic fungi in wheat rhizosphere soil, especially the abundance of Fusarium spp. Therefore, T.harzianum LTR-2 can be used as a good substitute for chemical seed dressing agent in wheat production.