基于遥感技术的沙坨草甸交错带玉米农业气象灾害评估——以科尔沁左翼后旗为例

为了评估农业气象灾害对沙坨草甸交错带玉米产量的影响，于2013 年灾后在科尔沁左翼后旗进行实地测产，结合遥感估产和生态分类的方法，以遥感图像数据为主，地面测试数据为辅，获取农作物受灾面积，进而对科尔沁左翼后旗玉米进行灾害评估。结果表明，科尔沁左翼后旗农业区各镇玉米地受气象灾害影响程度的大小顺序为：双胜镇＞金宝屯镇＞查日苏镇，其绝产面积分别达到669.87、55.23 和6.77 hm2。玉米产量受损主要受气象灾害影响，除此还与土壤类型、玉米生育期、地形地貌等因素有关。利用玉米长势衰减表现在光谱响应特征差异的特性，估测玉米不同受灾程度的受灾面积成为可能，对于农业上遥感估产具有非常重要的作用。

The Evaluation of Maize Agro-meteorological Hazard Based on RS Technology in Sand-meadow Ecotone:A Case Study of Horqin Left Back Banner

To evaluate the effect of agro-meteorological hazard to the maize yield in sand-meadow ecotone in 2013 after the disaster, the author tested the yield in Horqin Left Back Banner, combined the methods of remote sensing and ecological classification, gave priority to remote sensing image data, which was complemented by the ground testing data to attain the area of crops that damaged, and carried out the disaster assessment in Horqin Left Back Banner. The results showed that in every township of Horqin Left Back Banner agricultural districts, the order of maize yield degree affected by meteorological disasters was: Shuangsheng Town>Jinbaotun Town>Charisu Town, their totally lost area were 669.87 hm2, 55.23 hm2 and 6.77 hm2 respectively. The reduction of maize yield was mainly affected by meteorological disasters, but also by soil type, maize growth period, topography and other factors. Using the characteristic of the maize growth vigor reduction which showed that spectral responses characteristic difference, make it possible to estimate the area of maize suffered from disaster of different degrees, which played a very important role for agricultural remote sensing yield estimation.