香梨园苹果蠹蛾和梨小食心虫性诱集技术

【目的】研究香梨园苹果蠹蛾和梨小食心虫性诱集技术。【方法】在阿拉尔地区设计田间诱集效果试验,比较不同诱捕器类型、不同诱捕器颜色、诱捕器悬挂不同高度和方位、不同性诱芯个数对梨小食心虫和苹果蠹蛾诱集数量,研究香梨园梨小食心虫和苹果蠹蛾的发生动态和性诱集的关键技术。【结果】梨小食心虫在该果园1年发生5代,苹果蠹蛾发生4代。几种诱捕器对梨小食心虫和苹果蠹蛾都有一定的诱集效果,其中船型平板粘胶诱捕器诱集效果最好,诱集梨小食心虫总量为1 832头,诱集苹果蠹蛾总量为581头,其次为水盆诱捕器,但差异不显著;绿色和蓝色水盆诱捕器对梨小食心虫和苹果蠹蛾的诱集效果差异不明显;当诱捕器设置高度为1.5 m时,诱集苹果蠹蛾和梨小食心虫效果最好。但诱捕器设置高度为1.5和2.0 m时,诱集梨小食心虫和苹果蠹蛾效果差异不显著,但显著优于诱捕器设置高度为1.0 m;西、北方位诱集梨小食心虫和苹果蠹蛾效果显著优于东、南方位,其中北方诱集梨小食心虫数量最多,效果最好,西方诱集苹果蠹蛾数量最多,效果最好;诱芯个数越多,诱集效果越好,但诱捕器安放诱芯剂量为1个、2个诱集梨小食心虫和苹果蠹蛾的效果差异不显著。【结论】使用苹果蠹蛾和梨小食心虫性诱集技术可有效防治2种蛀果性害虫。

Study on the Key Techniques of Sexual Trapping of Cydia pomonella and Grapholitha molesta in Fragrant Pear Orchard of Alar

【Objective】 Cydia pomonella and Grapholitha molesta are important fruit borers in fragrant pear orchard in Southern Xinjiang region, which have the latent threat to fragrant pear industry on account of some adaptable characteristics such as hidden habitat, boring damage, strong stress resistance to adversity and mixing co-occurrence on the same host plants. Chemical pesticides are used frequently, but their control effect is low, so it is particularly urgent and important to explore their new control approaches. 【Method】In this study, we compared the number of C. pomonella and G. molesta in different trap types, different traps color, different heights and azimuth, and different number of sex lures; and discussed occurrence dynamics and key technology of sex pheromone luring C. pomonella and G. molesta in Fragnant Pear Orchard. 【Result】The results showed that there were 4 generations in C. pomonella and G. molesta 5 generations a year in the orchard. Several traps had a certain effect on C. pomonella and G. molesta, in which the ship type plate adhesive trap had the best effect, the total amount of G. molesta was 1,832, the total amount of C. pomonella was 581, the second was the basin trap, but green and blue basin traps were not significant. When the trap was set at a height of 1.5 m, the trapping effect of C. pomonella and G. molesta was the best. However, the effect of setting up a height of 1.5 and 2.0 m for C. pomonella and G. molesta were not significant, but they were significantly better than the trap’s height of 1.0 m, and the effect of the western and northern bit set C. pomonella and G. molesta were significantly better than that in the east and the south, and the largest number of G. molesta and C. pomonella appeared in the northern and in the western azimuth respectively. The largest number of sex lure cores had the best effect on C. pomonella and G. molesta, but the lure cores between 1 and 2 were no significantly different. 【Conclusion】In fragrant pear orchard, two kinds of fruit borers can be effectively controlled by using sex trapping techniques of C. pomonella and G. molesta correctly and reasonably.