移栽密度与氮、钾肥对弱感光杂交稻‘元丰优86’农艺性状和产量的影响

为了探讨弱感光杂交稻‘元丰优86’高产栽培技术,运用最优设计,对其进行密度、施N量和施K量3项栽培措施研究,建立主要农艺性状、产量与3项栽培措施的回归模型,分析3项栽培措施对主要农艺性状和产量的影响。结果表明：提高施N量会延长全生育期;增加施K量会提高株高;提高密度会增加有效穗,增施K肥、N肥有效穗也会有所提高;提高密度和施N量都会减少每穗粒数;提高施N量结实率也会有所提高;对千粒重的影响微弱。影响产量的主要因素是施N量和施K量。并经微机模拟筛选出高产的优化措施,每公顷插18.05万~24.56万丛,施K₂O 64.3~116.7 kg,施纯N 76.9~137.9 kg。

Transplanting Density,Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizer: Effects on Agronomic Characters and Yield of Weakly Photosensitive Hybrid Rice ‘Yuanfengyou86’

The paper aims to discuss the high-yield cultivation technique of weakly photosensitive hybrid rice ‘Yuanfengyou 86’, we studied 3 cultivation measures of planting density, levels of N and K fertilizer application for weakly photosensitive hybrid rice ‘Yuanfengyou 86’ by using the optimum design, and established the regression models of main agronomic characters, yield and the 3 cultivation measures to analyze the effects of the measures. The results showed that: increasing N fertilizer application could prolong the whole growth period; increasing K fertilizer application could increase the plant height; increasing planting density could increase the effective panicle, increasing K and N fertilizer could also increase the effective panicle; increasing the planting density and N fertilizer application could decrease the grain number per panicle; increasing N fertilizer application could increase the seed setting rate, and the effect of the measures on 1000-grain weight was weak. The main factors affecting yield were N and K fertilizer application, and the optimum measures for high-yield were screened out by computer simulation, the average planting density was 180.5-245.6 thousand clumps/hm ², the application of K₂O was 64.3-116.7 kg/hm ² and the application of pure N was 76.9-137.9 kg/hm ².