云南省小麦主栽品种产量改良遗传进展研究

选择不同时期云南省小麦主栽品种共24个,对其产量潜力及主要农艺性状的遗传进展进行了研究。结果表明,云南省小麦主栽品种产量潜力随品种育成年份推进呈极显著增加趋势,年遗传增益相对较低,为0.34%。云南省小麦主栽品种主要农艺性状演变的趋势是株高降低、单位面积穗数显著减少、每穗粒数显著增加、抽穗期显著推迟,其年遗传进展分别为-0.24%、-6.03%、0.45%和0.06%;千粒重、生育期和穗长等基本保持稳定。对品种系谱及来源分析表明,CIMMYT小麦种质在以往云南省小麦品种产量潜力改良中起了决定性作用。

Genetic Improvement of Grain Yield in Leading Wheat Cultivars of Yunnan Province

A total of 24 leading wheat cultivars in Yunnan Province were selected to investigate genetic gain of yield potentialities and its associated agronomic traits.The results indicated that the yield potentialities in leading wheat cultivars of Yunnan Province were significantly increased with the released year of cultivars.The annual genetic gain in yield was relatively low,at 0.34%.The leading cultivars were characterized by slight reduced plant height,significantly decrease of spikes per square meter,remarkable increase of kernels per spike,significantly late heading stage,with annual genetic gains of-0.24%,-6.03%,0.45% and 0.06%,respectively.But thousand-kernel weight,maturity phase and spike length of cultivars remained relatively stable.The analysis of cultivars pedigree and sources revealed that CIMMYT wheat germplasm played a greatly role in improving the yield potentialities in leading wheat cultivars of Yunnan Province.