冷浸田不同磷源及用量对水稻生长和产量的影响

目的]为皖南山区冷浸田综合治理和水稻养分管理提供科学依据。方法]以水稻D优202为材料,在皖南山区冷浸田中设置钙镁磷肥和过磷酸钙2个磷肥品种及3个磷素水平试验。结果]在冷浸田开沟降渍的条件下,施磷能够在0.05水平显著提高水稻产量。施磷有利于水稻有效分蘖的形成。过量施磷易造成中后期无效分蘖增多,恶化群体结构和质量,每穗实粒数和千粒重降低,不利于产量的进一步提高。钙镁磷肥能够促进水稻前期分蘖,中后期的干物质积累明显增加,钙镁磷肥增产效果比过磷酸钙显著。结论]冷浸田水稻施磷以75 kg/hm2为宜。

Effects of Phosphorus Source and Dosage on Growth and Yield of Paddy Rice

Objective] The research aimed to provide a scientific basis for comprehensive treatment of cold waterlogged paddy field in south Anhui and nutrient management of paddy rice.Method] Rice D You 202 was taken as materials.Two kinds of phosphate fertilizer such as calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and calcium superphosphate and three levels of phosphate were arranged in cold waterlogged paddy field in south Anhui.Result] Phosphorus fertilizer could increase the yield of paddy rice significantly under the condition of ditching in cold waterlogged paddy field.And phosphorus fertilizer was in favour of the formation of effective tillering of paddy rice.But the excessive amount of phosphorus fertilizer could easily cause the increase of invalid tillering in the late period,worsen the group structure and the quality,reduce the panicle number per plant and thousand seed weight,and it went against the increase of the yield.Calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer could promote tillering in the early stage,and increase the dry matter accumulation in the mid-late stage.The yield increase effect of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer was higher than that of calcium superphosphate.Conclusion] The appropriate amount of phosphorus fertilizer in cold waterlogged paddy field was 75 kg per hectare.