2种粒径组方中草药对西伯利亚鲟维氏气单胞菌病预防效果研究

本试验旨在研究2种粒径组方中草药对西伯利亚鲟致病性维氏气单胞菌病的预防效果。分为3个试验:安全性试验:设粗粉中草药(CP)组和超微粉中草药(SP)组,每组6个重复,每个重复10尾鱼,采取人工灌服给药,观察7 d;预防性试验:设对照(C)组、CP组和SP组,每组3个重复,每个重复15尾鱼,阶段性投喂2个疗程中草药后,用致病性维氏气单胞菌攻毒试验鱼,观察10 d;中试试验:分组同预防性试验,在鲟鱼养殖基地进行生产性试验,连喂2个疗程后抽血测定鱼体的非特异性免疫指标。安全性试验结果表明,2种粒径的中草药对西伯利亚鲟鱼LD₅₀均大于5000 mg/kg体重。预防性试验结果表明,CP、SP组试验鱼的成活率均显著高于C组(P<0.05)。中试试验结果表明,CP组的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平显著高于C组(P<0.05);SP组的丙二醛(MDA)、补体蛋白3(C3)水平均显著高于C、CP组(P<0.05);SP组的碱性磷酸酶(AKP)水平显著高于C组(P<0.05)。综上所述,2种粒径的组方中草药对西伯利亚鲟维氏气单胞菌病具有较好的治疗作用,其中投喂超微粉制剂组方中草药能提高西伯利亚鲟鱼的非特异性免疫能力。

Effect of Chinese Herbal Medicines with Two Particle Size on Aeromonas veronii Disease Prevention of Siberian Sturgeon (Acipenser baerii)

The purposes of this study was to checking the security and availability of Chinese herbal medicines on Aeromonas veronii disease of Acipenser baerii.There were three separated experiments in the study.Security trial:5000 mg/kg·BW Chinese herbal medicines coarse powder (CP) and superfine powder (SP) were drenched to 10 fish per repeat in six repeat groups,respectively.The mortality was recorded for 1 week.Preventive trial:The control fish group was fed with basic feed,and CP and SP fish group were fed with feed including 5% CP and SP,respectively,each group had 3 repeats with 15 fish in each repeat.After two treatment feeding period,all fish were challenged with intramuscular injecting Aeromonas veronii.The mortality was recorded for 10 days.Pilot-scale test:The control fish group was fed with basic feed,and CP and SP fish group were fed with feed including 5% CP and SP,respectively,each group had 3 repeats with 25 fish/m² per repeat.After two treatment feeding period,3 fish in each repeat were randomly taken blood samples from tail vein to detect non-specific immune-related index.The results showed that LD₅₀ of both CP and SP herbs to Acipenser baerii were more than 5000 mg/kg·BW.The results of preventive trial indicated that challenging survival rate of CP and SP groups were significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05).The results of pilot-scale test showed that the level of SOD in CP group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05),the level of MDA and C3 in SP group were significantly higher than those in CP and control groups (P<0.05),the level of AKP in SP group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05).In conclusion,the Chinese herbal medicines had significantly prevention effects on Aeromonas veronii disease of Acipenser baerii,superfine powder of the Chinese herbal medicines could improve the non-specific immunity of Acipenser baerii.