嫁接对甜瓜果实发育及风味品质的影响

采用白籽南瓜京欣砧3 号为砧木，厚皮甜瓜IVF117 和薄皮甜瓜IVF09 为接穗，研究嫁接对甜瓜果实生长发育、果实中糖含量和成熟果实芳香物质相对含量及种类的影响。结果表明：嫁接显著增加了果实的膨大速度及单瓜质量，促进了果实发育。嫁接降低了成熟甜瓜果实中的葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖以及总的可溶性糖的含量。嫁接厚皮甜瓜成熟果实中产生7 种特异性物质，占总成分的6.35%，而缺失了自根苗中的14 种物质，占总成分的15.75%。嫁接薄皮甜瓜成熟果实中总芳香物质相对含量降低了24.38 个百分点，其中主要酯类乙酸乙酯的相对含量降低了23.44 个百分点。嫁接甜瓜中芳香物质种类和含量的改变，是导致厚皮甜瓜异香产生、薄皮甜瓜香气变淡的原因。

Effects of Grafting on Melon Fruit Growth and Quality

Taking pumpkin‘ Jingxinzhen No.3’ as rootstock and muskmelon IVF117 and oriental melon IVF09 as sclon，this paper studied the influences of grafting on melon fruit growth and development，fruit sugar contents，and relative amount and types of aroma substances in ripe melon fruit. The results showed that grafting significantly increased the fruit enlargement rate and single fruit weight，and promoted the fruit development. The contents of glucose，fructose，sucrose and total soluble sugars in ripe grafted melon fruit were lower than that of own-rooted melon fruit. There were 7 new aroma compounds in grafted muskmelon fruit，accounting for 6.35% of the total composition，but 14 kinds of aroma compounds were missing，which accounted for 15.75% of total composition. The total relative content of aroma compounds in grafted oriental fruit was reduced by 24.38 percentage point，among which the content of ethyl acetate was reduced by 23.44 percentage point. The changes in kinds and contents of aroma compounds in grafted melon fruit was the main reason for flavor changes in melon.