完全不渗透膜对熏蒸剂防治土传病虫害的影响

完全不渗透膜(TIF膜)对熏蒸剂具有很好的阻隔性,但对熏蒸剂防治土传病虫害的影响还不明确。测定了TIF膜对二甲基二硫、棉隆及1,3-二氯丙烯防治黄瓜土传病害、黄瓜长势、产量及收入的影响,结果表明,在熏蒸剂低用量时,覆盖TIF膜相对PE膜能显著提高熏蒸剂对土壤根结线虫(Meloidogyne spp.)、疫霉菌(Phytophthora spp.)和镰刀菌(Fusarium spp.)的防治效果;并且熏蒸剂低用量时覆盖TIF膜后的产量与熏蒸剂高剂量时覆盖PE膜的产量无显著差异。应用TIF膜可以显著降低熏蒸剂用量,且不影响防治效果,同时也降低了熏蒸剂挥发对施药人员造成的危害,所以TIF膜是有前景的土壤消毒专用膜。

Effect of the Totally Impermeable Film on Fumigants Control Efficiency of Soil-borne Pathogen and Insects

Totally impermeable film (TIF) has good barrier properties for fumigants, but its impacts on the prevention of soil-borne pest were uncleared. Field test method was adopted to determine the effect of TIF on dimethyl disulfide, dazomet and 1,3-dichloropropene for cucumber soil-borne diseases, cucumber growth vigor, yield and farmer income. The results indicated that compared with PE, covering TIF could significantly improve the control effects of fumigants for soil root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.), Phytophthora (Phytophthora spp.) and Fusarium (Fusarium spp.); and there were no significant differences on cucumber yields between TIF at low fumigant usage and PE at high fumigant usage. Application of TIF could significantly reduce the fumigant dosage, yet does not affect the control effect. Additionally, it could also reduce the hazard of fumigant volatile on persons who are spraying fumigant. Therefore, TIF is a promising and special film for soil disinfection.