生物炭与不同肥料配施对镉胁迫下烟叶和土壤中镉含量的影响

为探索生物炭与肥料配施降低烟叶对重金属镉的吸收和土壤中镉含量的可行性,采用盆栽试验,研究了镉胁迫下生物炭与不同肥料配施对生育期内烟叶生物量、烟草各部位镉含量、植烟土壤中镉含量和土壤p H的影响。结果表明:生物炭与肥料配施能够促进烟叶生物量的增加,烟叶生物量依次为有机肥+无机肥+生物炭无机肥+生物炭有机肥+无机肥无机肥未施肥;生物炭与不同肥料配施时烟叶各叶位镉含量较低,生育期内生物炭与有机肥+无机肥配施下烟叶镉含量较有机肥和无机肥配施降低了52.57%,根茎中降低的镉含量最高达59.69%;各处理土壤中的有效态镉含量均有不同程度降低,降幅顺序为有机肥+无机肥+生物炭无机肥+生物炭有机肥+无机肥无机肥未施肥。上述结果表明生物炭与有机肥和无机肥配施既能促进烟叶生长,也能降低土壤有效态镉的相对含量,减少烟叶中镉的吸收积累,进而降低烟叶中镉含量,适合在重金属污染烟田施用。

Effects of Combined Application of Biochar and Different Fertilizers on Cadmium Content in Tobacco and Soil under Cadmium Stress

In order to explore the feasibility of combined application of biochar and different fertilizers to reduce Cd absorption of tobacco leaf and the content of Cd in soil, a pot experiment was designed to study the effects of applying biochar and different fertilizers under Cd stress on the biomass of tobacco leaves, the Cd content in different parts of tobacco, the Cd ontent in tobacco-growing soil, and soil pH. The results showed that (1) the application of biochar and fertilizer could promote the increase of biomass in tobacco leaves, and the order of biomass in tobacco leaves was organic fertilizer + inorganic fertilizer + biochar > inorganic fertilizer + biochar > organic fertilizer + inorganic fertilizer > inorganic fertilizer > CK; (2) Cd content in different parts of tobacco leaves applying biochar and different fertilizers was lower, compared with the treatment of applying organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer; Cd content in leaves decreased 52.57% under application of biochar and organic fertilizer with inorganic fertilizer at reproductive period, and Cd contents in roots and stems were up to 59.69%; (3) the contents of available Cd in soil of each treatment were decreased by different degrees, and the decreasing amplitude was organic fertilizer + inorganic fertilizer + biochar > inorganic fertilizer + biochar > organic fertilizer + inorganic fertilizer > inorganic fertilizer > CK. Thus, the application of biochar and inorganic fertilizer or organic fertilizer could promote the growth of tobacco leaves, reduce the absorption and accumulation of Cd, and reduce Cd content in tobacco leaves, so the application of biochar and organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer was suitable for the soil with heavy metal pollution.