国内外木结构建筑耐火性能的研究进展

为推动现代木结构建筑在国内的发展,分析了木结构建筑耐火的关键性,重点介绍了近二十年来国内外在木结构建筑耐火模拟测试、建筑及其结构耐火极限试验、防火材料应用和软木制品的保温隔热检测与耐火应用等方面的研究进展及成果。在学习和借鉴的基础上,通过总结国外研究成果和经验,提出目前国内在木结构建筑耐火研究方面尚存在的一些问题,与国外相比研究工作的薄弱环节。建议在国内外已有的木结构建筑相关标准规范基础上,加强国内在木结构建筑防火研究的理论基础工作,尤其是模拟试验研究,为木结构建筑的耐火性能评估奠定基础。同时,强调软木材料自身特性,提出在木结构建筑构件及其连接节点处使用软木材料覆面,在保证实用性的基础上,还起到绝缘、隔热、装饰的作用,进一步提高木构件的防火性能,从而提高建筑整体的耐火性。通过上述分析,以期为我国现代木结构建筑防火优化设计提供有益参考。

Research Progress on Fire Resistance of Domestic and Overseas Wood Structure Buildings

In order to promote the development of modern wood structure buildings in China, this paper analyzed the key of wooden structure fire resistance and mainly introduced fire simulation test, building and structure fire resistance test, fire prevention materials application and insulation detection of cork product and the research progress of refractory application and achievements in the field of domestic and overseas refractory research of wood construction in the recent 20 years. On the basis of study and reference, the author put forward some existing problems and weak links in domestic research on wood structure buildings fire resistance compared with foreign research by summarizing foreign research results and experience. It is suggested to strengthen the theoretical foundation of domestic fire prevention research on wood structure buildings, especially the simulation test research, on the basis of the existing domestic and foreign standards and regulations on wood structure buildings to lay a foundation for the fire resistance evaluation of wood structure buildings. At the same time, it emphasized characteristic of cork material and put forward to use cork material cladding in place of components of wooden structure and its joining node. On the basis of ensuring practicability, it also played a role of insulation, heat insulation and decoration to further improve the refractory performance of wood components to improve the fire resistance of the building as a whole. Through the above analysis, to provide useful reference for the fire prevention optimization design and process testing of wood structure buildings in China.