秋水仙素诱导杂交兰四倍体及倍性鉴定

以杂交兰F1代无菌苗(2n=2x=40)为供试材料,分别用浓度为0.02%、0.05%、0.10%和0.20%的秋水仙素对其根状茎处理24、48和72h,成功获得了四倍体植株。试验结果表明,以0.10%的秋水仙素处理48h诱导效果最佳,变异率为36%。根尖染色体压片表明,四倍体染色体数为2n=4x=80,二倍体对照为2n=2x=40。加倍后的植株较二倍体植株粗壮,叶片变厚,颜色变深,茎基部粗壮,颜色深,生长势变缓,根系变粗,根状茎增粗,可作为新材料加以利用。

TETRAPLOID INDUCTION BY COLCHICINE AND IDENTIFICATION IN Cymbidium INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS

Tetraploid was successfully induced from in vitro plantlets of diploid Cymbidium interspecific hybrids treated with different concentration colchicine. Rhizomes were treated with colchicine at concentration of 0.02%, 0.05%, 0.10% and 0.20% for 24, 48 and 72h. The results indicated that the treatment of rhizomes in colchicine solution at 0.10% for 48h was the best, and its induction rate was 36%. The chromosome number of induced plants was 2n=4x=80, while that of the control plants was 2n=2x=40. Compared with the normal diploid plants, tetraploids were characterized by thicker and stronger roots, stems and leaves. The color of leaves and base of stems were darker and the plants shown slower growth rate. These new materials could be used in breeding of orchid.