Serum chloramphenicol concentrations in preruminant calves: a comparison of two formulations dosed orally |
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| Authors: | E M HUFFMAN C H CLARK J D OLSON L BALL |
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| Institution: | Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado;*Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, U.S.A |
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| Abstract: | Serum concentrations of chloramphenicol were determined after oral doses (55 mg/kg body weight) were administered to 7–9 day old Holstein-Friesian calves. Chloramphenicol in an oral solution produced greater serum concentrations than did an equivalent dose of chloramphenicol in capsules ( P <0.005). A second dose of each formulation administered 12 h after the first dose elevated serum chloramphenicol concentrations significantly ( P <0.001). The average serum chloramphenicol concentration exceeded 5 μg/ml of serum 1 h after administration of the solution compared with 4 h for the capsules. Average serum chloramphenicol concentration was greater than 5 μg/ml for at least 12 h after the dose was administered for both formulations. Of the eight calves receiving repeat doses of chloramphenicol, seven (87.5%) developed diarrhea in 76 ± 8.6 h. Six of the eight calves (75%) died during or shortly after the period of chloramphenicol administration. |
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