南疆全立架露地栽培甜瓜平衡施肥参数的初步研究

[目的]研究新疆南疆全立架露地栽培甜瓜的平衡施肥参数.[方法]进行两年多点的田间肥料缺素试验.[结果]施用化肥能使甜瓜产量提高21.55;～ 47.05;,氮肥、磷肥、钾肥全施处理的两年平均产量为71 591 kg/hm2,较对照(不施肥)增加47.05;,化肥对甜瓜产量的贡献大小顺序为氮肥＞钾肥≥磷肥.全立架露地栽培甜瓜的养分吸收系数分别为:N 207.0 g/100 kg、P2O5 43.1 g/100 kg、K2O 536.6 g/100 kg(N∶P2O5∶K2O为1∶0.21∶2.59).研究区土壤有效养分与有效养分校正系数之间呈负相关关系,土壤有效养分校正系数分别为:碱解氮1.87 kg2/( mg·hm2)、速效磷1.02 kg2/(mg·hm2)、速效钾1.30 kg2/(mg·hm2).肥料当季利用率分别为:氮肥26.2;、磷肥3.7;、钾肥47.8;.[结论]当全立架露地栽培甜瓜的目标产量为75000 kg/hm2时,氮、磷、钾肥的施用量分别为:N 310.04 kg/hm2、P2O5 135.44 kg/hm2、K2O 154.35 kg/hm2.

Preliminary Study on Balanced Fertilizing Parameters of Trellis - Cultivated Melon in Southern Xinjiang

[Objective]The purpose of this project was to study the balanced fertilization parameters of trellis - cultivated melon.[Method]Two years' field experiment from 2010 to 2011 were conducted. [Result]The results showed that the melon yields are increased from 21.55%to 47.05%under the different fertilization,and the order of increasing rates by the elements is N>K≥P.The amount of N,P_2O_5,K_2O absorbance by 100 kg melon is 207.0,43.1 and 536.6 g accordingly.The ratio of N:P_2O_5:K_2O is 1:0.21: 2.59.A negative correlation between soil available nutrients and nutrient rectified coefficient of the soil,and the utilization coefficient of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium are 1.87,1.02 and 1.30 kg~2/mg ? hm~2.The utilization rate of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are 26.2%,3.7%and 47.8%. [Conclusion]When the target of trellis - cultivated melon yield is 75 000 kg/hm~2,the fertilization combination is N 310.04 kg/hm~2,P_2O_5 135.44 kg/hm~2 and K_2O 154.35 kg/hm~2.