鸡血糖性状的全基因组关联分析

旨在挖掘影响鸡血糖性状的有效SNP位点及功能基因，为优质肉鸡分子育种工作提供有效的理论支撑。本试验选取407只京星黄母鸡于98日龄屠宰，酚仿法提取血液DNA，进行深度为10×的全基因组重测序；葡萄糖氧化酶法测定血清中血糖水平，基于全基因组重测序和血糖表型数据进行全基因组关联分析（GWAS）。结果，GWAS共筛选到6个血糖相关的SNPs位点（关联阈值P<1.43×10^-6）。基因注释发现，rs734134177在UBE3D基因第8内含子上，其编码蛋白为泛素蛋白连接酶。该位点携带野生型（AA）个体的血糖水平极显著高于突变型（GG）个体（P<0.01）；rs794554022位于ACAD9基因下游D 93.5 kb处。ACAD9蛋白为酰基辅酶A脱氢酶家族的成员之一，是细胞线粒体中脂肪酰基辅酶A进行β-氧化过程中的限速酶。rs794554022位点携带野生型（AA）个体的血糖水平极显著低于携带突变型（CC）个体的（P<0.01）。以上位点可能是调控血糖水平的相关候选SNPs位点，这两个位点所在基因可能参与了肉鸡血糖代谢的调控过程，这些结果将为调控肉鸡血糖代谢进而改善肉品质的育种工作提供候选的分子标记，为肉鸡血糖代谢的调控提供了新的思路。

Genome-wide Association Study of Chicken Blood Glucose Traits Using Whole Genome Resequencing

This experiment aimed to explore the effective SNPs loci and functional genes related to blood glucose traits in chickens, and provide effective theoretical support for molecular breeding of high quality broilers. In this experiment, 407 Jing Xing Yellow hens were slaughtered at 98 days of age, blood DNA was extracted by phenol-chloroform method, and whole genome resequencing was performed at a depth of 10×; Glucose oxidase method was used to determine blood glucose levels in serum. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) were performed based on whole genome resequencing and glycemic phenotype data. GWAS screened a total of 6 blood glucose-related SNPs loci (associated threshold P<1.43×10^-6). The gene annotation revealed that rs734134177 was on the 8th intron of UBE3D gene, and its encoded protein was ubiquitin protein ligase. The blood glucose level of wild-type (AA) individuals at this locus was extremely significantly higher than that of mutant (GG) individuals (P<0.01); rs794554022 was extremely located at D 93.5 kb of ACAD9 gene downstream. ACAD9 protein was a member of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family and was the rate-limiting enzyme in the process of β-oxidation of fatty acyl-CoA in mitochondria. The blood glucose level of the wild-type(AA) individuals at the rs794554022 locus was extremely significantly lower than that of the mutant(CC) individuals (P<0.01). The above loci may be related candidate SNPs for regulating blood glucose level. The genes containing the two loci may be involved in the regulation of blood glucose metabolism in broilers. These results will provide candidate molecular markers for regulating the blood glucose metabolism of broilers and improving the meat quality, which will provide a new idea for the regulation of blood glucose metabolism in broilers.