中国工业大麻种业创新发展策略研究

工业大麻是重要的经济作物，中国是工业大麻生产和出口大国。然而，工业大麻种业发展滞后对我国工业大麻高质量发展提出严峻挑战的问题。本研究采用实地调研和文献综述的方法，分析了当前国内工业大麻种业的发展态势和存在的问题，探讨我国工业大麻种业创新发展路径。研究表明，我国工业大麻种业构建了全国行业标准和地方法律规范相结合的政策保障体系，推动了育种创新主体由公益性科研院所向企业转变，创建了以多用途为特色的育种技术体系，形成了良种区域化的种植格局和技术服务体系，奠定了该产业创新发展的基础。但缺乏国家层面或跨区域协同的工业大麻法规体系、育种繁种技术资源分散和低效率共存、面临国外种业知识产权布局先发优势挑战、商业化育种体系不完善等问题成为主要障碍。因此，提出了加快完善政策保障体系、培育多元育种体系、打造生产经营体系、构建国际合作体系，以期提升工业大麻种业创新发展能力。

Research on the innovative development strategies of industrial hemp seed industry in China

China is a major producer and exporter of industrial hemp, an important cash crop. However, the lagged-behind seed industry has imposed serious challenges to the high-quality development of industrial hemp in China. Applying the on-site and documentary survey methods, this paper examined the development trends and problems of domestic industrial hemp seed industry and explored the innovative development path of industrial hemp seed industry in China. Results show that China is forming a policy system integrating industry standards with local legislation, shifting the subjects of breeding innovation from public-interest scientific institutes to enterprises, establishing a breeding system characterized by multi-use targets, and enhancing planting and technical service based on regionalization of improved varieties. In addition to the great progress, the industry still faces some big challenges, including the lack of law and regulation system at the country-level or at the inter-regional level, dispersive and low-efficient use of innovation resources, multinational seed companies with first-mover advantage, especially in the intellectual property layout, and the imperfection in commercialized breeding system. To improve the innovation ability of hemp seed industry, this study suggests promoting the construction of a policy system, a multi-purpose breeding system, a production and management system, and an international cooperation system.