78种野生鸟类舌的形态学研究初报

本文对9目24科78种265例野生鸟类舌的形态进行了观察、比较,发现舌的位置、形态及质地与鸟类的采食对象、采食方式有密切关系,各种之间也存在明显差异。舌形态的差异主要表现在舌尖和舌体。就目前所获得的标本来看,其形态可分为:矛尖型、棒状型、短阔型和圆钝型四型。其中棒状型的舌类具倒钩,舌体和舌根的过渡标志不明显。矛尖型的舌尖又有分叉和不分叉两类。

A PRELIMINARY REPORT ON THE MORPHOLOGY STUDY OF 78 SPECIES OF THE WILD BIRDS

The observation and comparison on the morphology of the tongues of the wild birds, accprding to 256 specimens of 9 orders, 24 families and 78 species, are conducted here. It was found that the positions, shapes and textures of the tongues have close relations with -what the birds eat and how they eat. Also, there are obvious differences among them. The differences" on the shapes of the tongues are mainly existed in the tip and the body. According to the obtained specimens, the shapes are sorted : spear-like type, stick-like type, short and broad type, round and blunt type. The tip of the stick -like type is hooked and the transition signs of the body and the root are not clear. The tip of the spear-like type includes two kinds : forked and not forked.