城市天然气管道泄漏燃爆灾害评价

针对天然气管道泄漏所产生的燃烧或爆炸对运营单位造成的危害和损失,建立了评价泄漏事故后果新模型,列出了计算天然气泄漏量的小孔泄漏模型和管道断裂模型,提出了天然气泄漏的三种后果影响模型,应用高斯扩散模型模拟了气体泄漏可燃浓度的分布范围,给出了火灾热辐射危害半径的计算公式,参考传统的TNT当量法,建立了一种新的TNT当量系数法,计算爆炸冲击波的破坏作用。所建立的输气管道泄漏事故评价模型有利于在事故抢险救援过程中划定安全距离,确定危险区域半径,将事故引发的火灾或爆炸危害降到最低。

Hazards Evaluation on the Fire and Burst due to Leakage of City Gas Pipelines

This paper establishes a leaking consequent model to evaluate the hazards and loss from fire and burst due to leaking of city gas pipelines. Models to calculate gas leaking volume and for pipeline failure are listed,and three models for gas leaking consequence are presented. Gauss Diffusion Model are used to simulate distributive scope of flammable gas concentration,a model calculating heat radiation radius of fire is presented and a new TNT coefficient method by conventional TNT method to assess the effectiveness of shock wave of the burst is established. The model established is of benefit to line out the safe distance in rush repair and to determine dangerous zone,and can minimize the fire or burst in gas leaking event.