红小豆主要数量性状的主成分与聚类分析

对13个红小豆品种的10个主要数量性状进行了相关性、主成分及聚类分析。结果表明,10个数量性状的变异系数为33.56%～2.37%,其中,最大的为分枝数,最小的为生育期。相关分析表明,单株荚数与单株产量显著正相关。主成分分析结果表明,前4个主成分(荚型因子、单荚粒数因子、生育期因子和产量因子)对变异的贡献率达86.48%。聚类分析把13个红小豆品种分为4类,各类之间单株产量差异明显,占主导地位的因子各不相同,在育种中应根据育种目标综合考虑。研究发现,在红小豆的辐射诱变高产突变体的选择中,首先应该把单株荚数作为选育的重点标识性状,同时把不同性状综合考虑进去,才能够真正选择出性状优良的突变体。

Principal Components and Clustering Analysis for Major Quantitative Traits of Adzuki Bean

The correlation characteristics,principal component analysis and cluster analysis of 10 major quantitative traits of 13 adzuki beans varieties were analyzed.The results showed the variant coefficient of 10 major quantitative traits was 33.56%～2.37%,the biggest variant coefficient was branches number per plant and the least value was growth period.The results of correlation analysis showed significantly positive relationship between branches number per plant and yield per plant.The results of principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution ratio of the four principal components,including factors of pod type,seeds number per pod,growth period and yield,to the total variation reached 86.48%.The 13 adzuki bean varieties were classified into 4 groups using cluster analysis,and there was a significant difference between the various group for yield per plant,and there were difference between predominant factors,so it should comprehensively consider the quantitative traits according to the breeding purposes.It should take the branches number per plant as key trait for selecting mutants of high yield during adzuki bean mutation breeding,and then only by taking different characters comprehensively into consideration,could we successfully select the mutants with fine characters.