2006~2007年中国饲料及饲料原料霉菌毒素污染调查报告

作者评估了2006年和2007年上半年我国饲料原料和全价饲料中6种主要霉菌毒素的检出水平和分布特点，得出如下结论：①我国饲料原料和全价饲料中超标率和检出水平最高的霉菌毒素是玉米赤霉烯酮、烟曲霉毒素和呕吐毒素（田间型毒素）。人们一直重视的黄曲霉毒素（仓储型毒素）超标率和检出水平均比较低；②饲料原料和全价饲料中多种霉菌毒素往往同时存在，由于不同毒素间具有协同作用，将加剧毒素的毒性作用和中毒症状的严重程度；③副产品原料，特别是玉米副产品如干燥酒糟（DDGS）和玉米蛋白粉中霉菌毒素的污染非常严重；④与单一能量和蛋白质饲料原料相比，全价饲料中的多种霉菌毒素的检出水平才是相对比较准确和客观的控制指标；⑤控制霉菌毒素危害的最经济有效的措施是控制原料质量和使用有效的霉菌毒素吸附剂。

Recent Trends of Mycotoxin contamination in Animal Feeds and Raw Materials in China

The Authors analyzed and evaluated the contamination levels and occurrence trend of the 6 major mycotoxins in animal feed and raw materials in China in 2006 and 2007, and concluded with the following findings: ①Three mycotoxins with the most significant contamination levels and occurrence rates are zearalenone, fumonisin and vomitocxin, which are all field mycotoxins; Aflatoxin, the storage mycotoxin we paid the most attention in the history, was found with the lower contamination levels and less problematic in animal feed and raw materials in China.②Multi-mycotoxins were found existed in raw materials and complete feeds; the synergistic effects of multi-mycotoxins deteriorate the impacts of mycotoxins and severity of mycotoxicity.③The mycotoxin contamination of by-products, especially corn by-products such as DDGs and corn gluten meal, was found very serious.④Comparing to those in single energy or protein raw material, the multi mycotoxin contamination levels in complete feeds are the more accurate and representative parameters. ⑤The most economical and practical approaches to control the effects of mycotoxins are quality control of raw materials and using of effective mycotoxin binders. 