峨眉黄连传粉生物学研究

目的揭示峨眉黄连[Coptis omeiensis（Chen）C.Y.Cheng]开花规律与传粉特征,拟确定其繁育系统类型,为探索峨眉黄连野生居群减少成因与引种繁育奠定基础。方法观察峨眉黄连的花部综合特征与开花动态过程;运用杂交指数、花粉-胚珠比、套袋传粉实验等方法综合评价。结果峨眉黄连花期可分为3个时期,其杂交指数为4,花粉-胚珠比在474～907之间,其雄蕊-花粉粒、雌蕊-胚珠发育正常,能形成种子。结论峨眉黄连的繁育系统为兼性异交,部分自交亲和,需要传粉者,具有异花传粉的结构,又有自花传粉的趋向,在自然条件下50%以上的胚珠能形成种子,可进行种子繁育引种。

A Study on the Pollination Biology of Coptis omeiensis (Chen) C.Y.Cheng

Objective To reveal the bloom biology and pollination characteristics of Coptis omeiensis （Chen） C.Y.Cheng,initially determine the breeding system types and lay a foundation of exploring the reason of its population reduction and introduction and breeding. Method To observe the floral syndrome and flowering dynamic process of Coptis omeiensis. Comprehensive evaluation by using outcrossing index, pollen-ovule ratio and the bagging pollination study. Result The florescence of Coptis omeiensis could he divided into three periods. hs outerossing index was 4,the pollen-ovule ratio（P/O）was from 474 to 907, its stamens-pollen grain and pistils-ovules developed normally, could form seeds. Conclusion The breeding system of Coptis omeiensis was facultative hybridization and partial self-compatibility, needing pollinators. Coptis omeiensis not only ham the structure of cross pollination but also has the trend of self pollination. 50% of its ovules could fonn seeds under natural conditions, so it could be used for seeds breeding introduction.