种子前处理对水飞蓟生长及水飞蓟素含量的影响

目的]考察不同水飞蓟种子处理方法对植株生长及所结果实中水飞蓟素含量的影响,确定种子的最佳处理方法。方法]将水飞蓟种子分别经冷藏、冷冻等方法处理后播种,考察种子的发芽率、株高、株幅、现蕾时间及单株产量,并比较所结果实中水飞蓟素的含量,筛选种子的最佳处理方法。结果]水飞蓟种子经超低温处理后播种发芽率最低,生长最弱,果实中水飞蓟素含量最低;自然越冬处理(秋季播种)的种子萌发后长势好,产量最高,且所结果实中水飞蓟素的含量最高。结论]水飞蓟种子在秋季播种后植株的生长状况较好,产量高,值得进一步研究和推广。

Effects of Different Seeds Pretreatments on the Growth and Silymarin Content of Silybum marianum Gaertn

Objective] To study the effects of different seeds’ pretreatments on the growth and silymarin content of Silybum marianum Gaertn.and to determine the best seeds’ pretreatment.Method] Before sowing,S.marianum seeds were treated respectively by different low temperature such as refrigeration,freezing,and ultra-low temperature.Germination rate,plant height,plant width,budding time and yield per plant were studied,and silymarin content of fruits was compared in order to sieve the best seeds’ pretreatment out.Result] By comparison,seeds were treated by ultra-low temperature with lowest germination,growing badly and lowest silymarin content.Seeds were treated by natural overwintering(namely,autumn sowing) with growing well,highest yield and highest silymarin content.Conclusion] S.marianum plants will grow well with high yield by autumn sowing.This is good for agricultural production and worthy of further studying.