琉金、龙睛及其杂交种的形态学特征研究

目的]对金鱼品种龙睛的形态特征进行改良。方法]以短身型金鱼品种琉金为母本、以金鱼品种龙睛为父本进行杂交试验,获得了大眼型和小眼型杂交种,并对杂交种(F1)及其父母本的形态特征进行了分析。结果]在20个表型性状的杂种指数中,大眼型杂交种有7项指数为负值、13项为正值。在负值中,5项偏向母本,2项完全偏向母本;在正值中,10项偏向父本,3项完全偏向于父本,表现出偏父本遗传;小眼型杂交种F1表型性状的杂种指数中,16项为负值、4项为正值。在负值中,15项偏向母本,1项完全偏向母本;在正值中,4项偏向父本,说明小眼型杂交种表现出偏母本遗传。结论]小眼型杂交后代与琉金无明显差异,大眼型杂交后代与龙睛相比具备琉金体短而高的特征。

Study on the Morphological Characteristics of Ryukin, Dragon-eye and Their Hybrids

Objective] The research aimed to improve the morphological characteristics of goldfish breed Dragon-eye.Method] Using short-type goldfish breed Ryukin as maternal parent and goldfish breed Dragon-eye as paternal parent,the hybridization experiment was made to obtain large-eye hybrids and small-eye hybrids.The morphological characteristics of F1 hybrids and their parents were analyzed.Result] Among the hybrid index of 20 measured phenotypic traits,7 indices of them in large-eye hybrids were negative and 13 indices were positive.Among the negative values,5 indices were partial to maternal parent and 2 indices were completely partial to maternal parent.Among the positive values,10 indices were partial to paternal parent and 3 indices were completely partial to paternal parent,showing paternal-partially heredity.Among the hybrid index of phenotypic traits in small-eye hybrids,16 indices were negative and 4 indices were positive.Among the negative values,15 indices were partial to maternal parent and one index was completely partial to maternal parent.Among the positive values,4 indices were partial to paternal.This indicated that small-eye hybrids showed maternal-partially heredity.Conclusion]There was no obvious difference between the small-eye hybrids and Ryukin.Large-eye hybrids showed the characteristics of short body of Ryukyu,compared with Dragon-eye.