玉米籽粒含水量相关因素及育种策略

玉米收获时的高产量和优良品质是玉米品种选育一直追求的目标。黑龙江省地处北方玉米区,无霜期短、有效活动积温低等自然条件因素对籽粒的干物质积累和水分含量高低形成了无形的制约。籽粒灌浆和脱水过程的快慢将决定其收获时籽粒的最终含水量及单产产量。籽粒灌浆和脱水与植株的田间特征有一定的相关性,将其与遗传育种结合,对选育灌浆速率高、脱水速率快的玉米自交系及其衍生的玉米新品种有着重要的指导意义,也可为玉米高产栽培提供重要理论依据。

Factors Influencing the Water Content in Maize Grain and Breeding Strategy

High yield and excellent grain quality at harvesting are always pursued in maize breeding.Heilongjiang is located in the northern maize belt,its short frost-free period and low active accumulated temperature restrict the dry matter accumulation and water content of grain.The maize yield and water content at harvesting depend upon the grain filling and the water loss period.Main agronomy traits have high correlation with grain filling rate and water loss rate.The combination of these agronomy traits with the heredity and breeding of maize can be used to select maize inbred and develop new breeds with high grain filling rate and water loss rate,and it is helpful for cultivation of highly yielded maize.