行间生草对甜柿果园土壤微生物和酶活性的影响

以甜柿品种"阳丰"为试材,采用自然生草和人工生草的方法,研究了不同生草处理对土壤微生物数量和酶活性的影响,以期为甜柿果园栽培管理中果园生草提供理论依据。结果表明:人工行间生草可以提高甜柿果园0～20、20～40、40～60 cm土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌数量,但不同草种对各个菌类数量的影响不相同。与自然生草相比,人工生草处理对甜柿果园0～20、20～40、40～60 cm土层土壤过氧化氢酶活性、土壤脲酶活性、土壤蔗糖酶活性和土壤磷酸酶活性有促进作用,但其效果因生草种类而存在明显差异。该研究表明生草可以改变甜柿果园土壤微生物数量和酶活性,建议甜柿果园栽培生产中应合理配置草种,优先推荐以林间组合为主,以保证土壤微生物和酶活性的同步均衡增加。

Effects of Inter-planted Grasses in Persimmon Orchard on Soil Microbes and Enzyme Activities

The ‘Yangfeng’ persimmon were used as the experiment materials. The different planting species effects on the soil microbial and enzyme activities were studied in Weibei Dryland based on the natural grasses cover and planting grasses cover. The theoretical basis was provided for grasses management in persimmon orchard. The results showed that the quantities of bacteria, fungi and actinomyces could be improved by different planting species in 0 -20 cm,20-40 cm and 40-60 cm soil depths,however the quantities of microbial showed difference in among different planting species. Compared with the natural grasses,the different planting species had significant effect on soil catalase activities,soil urease activities,soil sucrose activities,and soil phosphatase activities in 0.20 cm,20-40 cm and 40- 60 cm soil depths,but the effect varied in different planting species. In conclusion, the planting grasses could change the quantities of microbial and the enzyme activity of persimmon orchard. We suggested that the grass species must be selected suitably. The grasses combination could be select in order to the soil microbial and enzyme activities increase in the same pace.