不同新型肥料对小麦光合特性、冠层结构及产量的影响

为明确不同新型肥料的使用效果,为生产中合理选择肥料提供依据。以小麦品种烟农19为材料,在安徽省怀远县龙亢农场设置普通化肥、保持肥、活性增效肥、活性炭肥、活性素肥、土壤改良剂+习惯施肥和习惯施肥共7个不同肥料处理,研究对小麦冠层结构、光能截获率、旗叶光合特性和产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明,新型肥料处理较习惯施肥处理产量提高了4.4%~10.2%,其中活性增效肥处理产量最高。与习惯施肥处理相比,不同新型肥料处理均提高了小麦生育后期旗叶SPAD值、净光合速率、冠层叶面积指数及光能截获率。综上,新型肥料具有增产增效的优势,尤其活性增效肥可作为小麦科学施肥的优选方案。

Effects of Different New Type Fertilizers on Wheat Photosynthetic Characteristics,Canopy Structure and Yield

In order to clarify the effects of different new fertilizers and provide a basis for reasonable fertilizer selection in production. The experiment was carried out in Longkang Farm, Huaiyuan County, Anhui province, using the wheat variety Yannong 19 as the material. A total of seven different fertilizer treatments were setted: common fertilizers, maintenance fertilizers, active synergistic fertilizers, activated carbon fertilizers, active plain fertilizers, soil conditioners + conventional fertilization and conventional fertilization. Different fertilizer treatments were investigated for their effects on wheat canopy structure, light interception, flag leaf photosynthetic properties, yield, and its components. The results showed that compared to the conventional fertilization treatment, the new type fertilizer treatments enhanced wheat yield by 4.4%-10.2%, with the active synergistic fertilizer treatment having the highest yield. Compared with the conventional fertilization treatment, the new fertilizer treatments enhanced the wheat flag leaf SPAD, net photosynthetic rate, canopy LAI, and light interception. Finally, the novel fertilizer have the benefit of improving wheat productivity and fertilizer efficiency, and particularly the activated synergistic fertilizer may be employed as the ideal scheme for scientific wheat fertilization under production settings.