不同宿根年限甘蔗品种内源激素及酶活性分析

不同甘蔗品种的宿根性强弱存在很大差异,为探究不同宿根年限甘蔗品种间的表现,以桂热2号（GR2）和对照新台糖22号（ROC22）为研究对象,测定宿根萌发期根、茎、叶中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、内源激素含量及相关酶活性指标。结果显示,可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白主要集中部位是茎和叶,GR2的5年宿根蔗的茎部可溶性糖含量最高;GR2中脱落酸（ABA）含量降幅最大,与宿根性强弱关系紧密,赤霉素（GA₃）与宿根性的强弱成负相关,与ABA和生长素（IAA）的变化趋势相反;植物过氧化氢酶（CAT）、苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）活性与宿根性强弱成正相关,蔗糖合成酶（SS）活性与宿根性强弱成负相关,植物蛋白酶（Protease）在GR2的5年宿根蔗中活性最高;通过极点排序法计算得到ABA、IAA、GA₃、CAT、PAL、Protease、SOD和SS的权重系数,分别为0.186、0.136、0.107、0.074、0.115、0.165、0.056和0.159。其中ABA含量、Protease和SS活性的权重系数较大,说明这3个指标对甘蔗宿根性的影响较大;宿根萌发期各品系宿根性强弱排序为GF>GT>RT>RF,说明GR2的宿根性强于ROC22,桂热2号是值得推广的强宿根性品种。

Endogenous Hormones and Enzyme Activity Analysis in Sugarcane Varieties with Different Perennial Root Ages

There is a big difference in ratooning ability in different sugarcane varieties. To study the performance of sugarcane varieties in different ratoon years, soluble sugar, soluble protein, endogenous hormone contents and related enzyme activities of roots, stems and leaves at perennial root germination stage were measured using Guire (GR2) and ROC22. The results showed that, the main concentration of soluble sugar and soluble protein were in the stems and leaves and the highest content of soluble sugar was found in the stems of the five-year perennial sugarcane GR2; the largest decline of ABA content was in GR2 which was the most related to ratooning ability, GA₃ was negatively correlated with the ratooning ability which was contrary to the trend of ABA and IAA; the plant catalase (CAT) and phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) were positively correlated with the ratooning ability, while the sucrose synthase (SS) was negatively correlated with the ratooning ability. The activity of protease was the highest in GR2 of five-year ratooning; the weight coefficients of ABA, IAA, GA₃, CAT, PAL, protease, SOD and SS were 0.186, 0.136, 0.107, 0.074, 0.115, 0.165, 0.056, 0.159 by the pole ordering method, respectively. Among them, the weight coefficients of ABA content, protease and SS activities were higher, indicating that the three indexes had a greater impact on the ratooning ability; the ratooning ability were ranked as GF > GT > RT > RF, so GR2 was worth of popularizing because of stronger ratooning ability.