茭白叶黑斑病的病原鉴定和防治药剂筛选

Pathogen identification and control fungicides screening of leaf black spot of Zizania latifolia

In recent years, in addition to brown spot disease, leaf black spot has occurred frequently and seriously affected the yield and quality in the production areas of Zizania latifolia in China. In order to identify the pathogen, diseased samples were collected from Lu'an, Suzhou, Tongxiang, Yuhang, Yuyao, Jinhua, Shengzhou. Finally, 90 fungal strains were obtained by tissue isolation method, in which 25 strains causing black spot disease of Z. latifolia was identified as Nigrospora oryzae by morphological observation, multiple sequence alignment analysis and pathogenicity test. Toxicity test of 12 fungicides commonly used in fields was carried out in laboratory conditions. The results showed that the effect of 250 g·L^-1 prochloraz EC was best, with the EC₅₀ of 0.002 mg·L^-1; followed by 30% Pyraclostrobin SC and 60% Difenoconazole WG, with the EC₅₀ of 0.056 and 0.057 mg·L^-1, respectively. Combined with the inhibitory effect of the 12 fungicides on Ustilago esculenta, 250 g·L^-1 prochloraz EC was the best choice as a control agent. This study provided scientific basis for the identification and control of leaf black spot of Z. latifolia.