稻虾共作模式下不同优良食味粳稻物质生产及产量特征研究

为筛选稻虾共作模式下优质高产且多抗的水稻品种,提高稻、虾综合效益,以11个优良食味粳稻品种为试验对象,研究不同品种在稻虾共作模式下物质生产及产量形成特性。结果表明,稻虾共作模式下,不同品种干物质积累均符合Logistic曲线。干物质快增期在拔节后10d至抽穗后10d,最大增长速率和干物质积累量最多时期出现在拔节至齐穗期之间,泗稻301、南粳5718和南粳9108干物质平均增速较高,干物质积累多。泗稻301、南粳9108和南粳5718后期茎叶物质转运量较多,丰粳1606、金香玉1号和南粳9108茎鞘物质转运率和贡献率较高,武香粳5245、宁香粳11和泗稻301叶片物质转运率和贡献率较高。干物质生产主要与产量和千粒重有显著线性正相关关系,结实率主要受后期干物质转运影响。稻虾共作模式下可以选用生长势强、干物质积累快且多、穗大粒多、产量高的泗稻301和南粳5718。

Study on Material Production and Yield Characteristics of Japonica Rice with Good Eating Quality in Rice-Crayfish Farming System

In order to select the rice varieties with high quality, high yield and multiple resistance under rice-crayfish farming system, and improve the comprehensive benefits of rice and crayfish, the material production and yield formation characteristics of eleven good eating Japonica rice varieties as the experiment materials in the rice-crayfish farming system were studied. The results showed that under the rice-crayfish farming system, dry matter accumulation of different varieties accorded with Logistic curves. The rapid growth period of dry matter was from 10d after jointing to 10d after heading. The maximum growth rate and the maximum dry matter accumulation period appeared between the jointing and full heading periods. The average growth rate of dry matter of Sidao 301, Nanjing 5718 and Nanjing 9108 were higher, and the dry matter accumulation was more. The material transfer of stems and leaves in the later stage of Sidao 301, Nanjing 9108 and Nanjing 5718 were more. The material transfer rate and contribution rate of stem-sheath of Fengjing 1606, Jinxiangyu 1 and Nanjing 9108 were higher. The material transfer rate and contribution rate of leaves of Wuxiangjing 5245, Ningxiangjing 11 and Sidao 301 were higher. The dry matter production was mainly related to the yield and 1000-grain weight. The seed setting rate was mainly affected by the transport of dry matter in the later period. Under the rice-crayfish farming system, we could select Sidao 301 and Nanjing 5718 which had strong growth potential, fast and more dry matter accumulation, and large panicle and high yield.