塔里木河干流耕地动态变化及其景观格局

基于3S(RS、GIS、GPS)技术,并结合数理统计和景观格局数量分析方法,运用2000年CBERS、2005年CBERS和2010年TM遥感影像对塔里木河干流10年耕地面积的时空变化、景观格局及其生态影响进行了定量研究.结果表明:(1)在过去10年中,塔河干流耕地面积明显增加.具体地,2000年耕地面积为1.61×105 hm2,所占研究区总面积比例为3.89％,至2010年增加至3.27×l05 hm2,比例为7.88％,年增长率为1.66×104 hm2 a-1;(2)塔里木河干流耕地空间变化的区域差异明显.A、B、C、D断面耕地分布宽幅分别为2l～23 km、ll～16 km、6～17 km、4～9 km,塔河北岸C、D断面和南岸D、E断面耕地的增速最快;(3)2000-2010年耕地的斑块数不断增加,面积加权形状指数增大,形状趋于不规则.景观聚集度适中,景观内斑块大小分布均匀性降低,景观多样性下降,各个景观类型所占比例趋于不协调.

Dynamic change in cultivated land and landscape pattern along the mainstream of the Tarim River

Based on the CBERS images in 2000, CBERS images in 2005 and TM images in 2010, dynamic change in cultivated land and landscape pattern along the mainstream of the Tarim River from 2000 to 2010 were studied using the 3S technology and the analytical method of combining the mathematical statistics and landscape pattern quantity analysis. Results show that the area of the cultivated land along the mainstream of the Tarim River varied significantly, increasing from 1.61 ? 105 hm2 or 3.89% of the total land area in 2000 to 3.27 ? 105 hm2 or 7.88% in 2010, that is, by 1.66?104 hm2 a-1; spatial variation of the cultivated land was also significant between sections of the river. At Sections A, B, C and D cultivated land spread as wide as 21 ~23 kilometer, 11 ~ 16 kilometer, 6 ~ 17 kilometer, and 4 ~ 9 kilometer, respectively and the spread was the fastest at Sections C and D on north bank of the river and Sections D and E on the south bank. During the period from 2000 to 2010, the cultivated land increased steadily in number of patches with its area weight shape index rising; and its patches becoming more irregular in shape. On the whole, the landscape aggregation degree was moderate; the distribution uniformity of patches various in size within a landscape and landscape diversity declined; and the proportions the various types of landscapes account for became less harmonious.