出雏时间与雏鸡性别比例关系的研究

以尼克红商品蛋鸡鸡胚和出壳雏鸡为材料,分析了不同出雏时间雏鸡性比例的变化,旨在探讨出雏时间与雏鸡性别的关系及鸡胚在孵化期不同性别生长发育的规律,为精细调控孵化条件和制定鸡苗销售计划提供依据。结果表明,不同时间出壳的雏鸡,性比例存在明显差异(P<0.05或P<0.01),并呈现出明显的规律性。在20d12h之前出壳的母雏比公雏多,20d时母雏比例最高(公母性比值为0.268±0.054);其后公雏比例增加,到21d时公雏比例最高(公母性比值为2．184±0．090）;此后,母雏比例又逐渐增加。到21d16h时公母比例降低到1.453±0.099;但接近出雏结束时,公雏比例又有所回升,至出雏结束时,公母比例上升为1.75±0.057。

Study on the Relationship Between Hatching Time and Sexual Ratio of Chicks

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between hatching time and sexual ratio in the commercial strain, Nick Brown Chicks. During hatching, 12 times of sexual identifying were conducted to count proportion of male and female chicks just after hatching. Identifying sex of chicks is based on the sex-linked inheritance of chicks feather. The results showed that there were significant differences in the sexual ratio of chicks between different time of hatching (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the female chicks were more than the male before 20-days-old and 12 hours, then the male was more than the female. Up to 20 days, the proportion of the female chicks reached highest, and the ratio of male and female was 0.268±0.054. after 20 days, the proportion of the male chicks was gradually increasing, and on 21 days, the proportion of the male was highest and the sexual ratio was 2.184±0.090, then the proportion of the female chicks was gradually increasing again, but near to the end of hatching, the proportion of the male chicks was rising again, and the sexual ratio increased to 1.75±0.057 by end of hatching.