基于全基因组重测序的白化茶树mSNP标记开发及验证

为探究白化茶树遗传变异信息及mSNP液相芯片在茶树种质资源鉴定中的可行性，利用全基因组重测序对18份白化茶树资源进行遗传多样性分析和突变位点检测。结果表明，基于全基因组水平的SNP标记可将18份白化茶树资源分为3类，且基本呈现出具有亲缘关系或地理位置接近的资源聚在一起的趋势；对重测序数据进行功能注释后发现，在18份白化茶树资源中存在17 056个共有非同义突变基因，其中14个叶绿素合成相关基因中存在98个错义突变位点。随后，基于前期获得的基因组变异信息开发了一套包含59个mSNP、222个SNP位点的液相芯片，利用该液相芯片检测13份茶树资源的基因型信息。结果表明，同一品种两两之间的遗传相似度在92%～98%，不同品种间的遗传相似度则在84%以下，表明该芯片可对18份白化茶树资源进行准确鉴别，研究结果可为mSNP液相芯片在茶树种质资源鉴定、分子标记辅助育种等方面的应用奠定基础。

Development and Application of Albinotea Plant mSNP Molecular Markers Based on Genome-wide Resequencing

To explore the information of genetic variation in albino tea and the feasibility of the mSNP liquid chip in the identification of tea germplasm, we analyzed the genetic diversity and detected the mutation sites of 18 tea resources by genome resequencing. The results indicate that the 18 albino tea accessions could be divided into three groups based on genome-wide SNP markers, and the resources with genetic relationship or close geographical location tended to cluster together. Functional annotation of the resequencing data reveals 17 056 non-synonymous mutated genes in the 18 albino tea resources, of which 98 missense mutations were found in 14 chlorophyll synthesis related genes. Then, based on the genomic variation information obtained in the previous study, we developed a set of liquid chip containing 59 mSNP and 222 SNP sites for the first time, and used the liquid chip to detect the genotype information of 13 tea plants. The results show that the genetic similarity between pairs of the same cultivar was 92%-98%, and the genetic similarity between different cultivar was less than 84%, indicating that the chip could accurately identify 18 albino tea accessions. Our results laid a foundation for the application of mSNP liquid phase chip in the identification of tea germplasm resources and molecular marker-assisted breeding.