B68-1 转基因水稻花粉活力的温湿响应规律

为了研究转基因水稻花粉活力在各种气象条件下的变化规律,以含bar基因的抗Basta转基因籼稻B68-1为材料,分别在温度20℃、25℃、30℃、35℃及相对湿度30%、50%、70%、90%的不同温湿组合条件下进行处理,用2,3,5-氯化三苯基四氮唑（TTC）染色法测定了这些组合条件处理下B68-1转基因水稻花粉离体0、1、2、3、4、5、6、8、10、12、14 min后的活力。试验结果表明,B68-1花粉离体后活力变化在各种条件下呈现为＂S＂型或＂S＂型的一段;B68-1花粉离体后活力在一定湿度条件下随着温度先升后降,各湿度条件下花粉在25℃时活力最强,高温对花粉活力的胁迫作用更大;B68-1花粉离体后活力在一定的温度条件下随着湿度也是先升后降,各温度条件下花粉在相对湿度70%时活力最强,高湿对花粉活力的胁迫作用更大。通过指数形式的生长曲线（Logistic方程）分段函数,拟合构建了B68-1花粉活力在不同湿度下的温度模型,可精确预测花粉存活时间和寿命,为进一步准确估算转基因水稻基因飘移距离提供基础数据。

The Variation of the Pollen Viabilities of Transgenic Rice B68-1 at Different Temperatures and Humidity

The pollen viability of a transgenic rice, B68-1 containing bar gene with herbicide Basta resistance, was investigated under four temperatures （20℃, 25℃ 30℃, 35℃） and four kinds of humidity （30%, 50%, 70%, 90%） by 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride （TTC） method in vitro after 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 min from anther. The test showed that B68-1 pollen viability decreased with passing time in vitro under various conditions, like ＂S curve＂ or its section, which could accurately described by the Logistic equation. In vitro, pollen viability first increased and then decreased with the rising temperature, and showed the same with humidity. 25℃ was the most optimum temperature in any determined humidity, and 70% humidity was the most optimum humidity in any determined temperature. High temperature stress on the pollen viability was more obvious than low temperature, and high humidity was more obvious than low. Two equations, an exponential one and a Logistic one, could give satisfied predicts of the pollen viability duration and pollen longevity, help to estimate the drift distance of transgenic pollen flow.