外生菌根真菌菌剂的制备及其对松苗生长效果的研究*

从不同林型下分离获得的外生菌根真菌纯培养菌株中,选择了劣味乳菇、美味红茹、赭丝膜菌、彩色豆马勃四株菌根菌,进行菌剂制备及其对松苗生长效果的试验。结果表明,PDMA和PD培养基是培养外生菌根真菌较适合的培养基,木屑、麸皮、米糠、玉米粉、珍珠岩、蛭石等是培养菌根菌菌剂较适宜的基质。供试菌对油松、马尾松、落叶松、樟子松、红松苗都具促进生长作用,效果较明显的是丝膜菌,其次是劣味乳菇、美味红菇、彩色豆马勃;对促进火炬松苗生长效果最明显的是劣味乳菇,其次是美味红菇、彩色豆马勃。四种菌对湿地松苗生长效果均高于对照。

Inocula Preparation of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Their Effects on the Growth of Pine Seedlings

In the experiment, four species of ECM fungi, Lactarius insul-sus Fr., Russula delica Fr., Cortinarius russus Fr. and Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker et Couch, were isolated from the fruit bodies collected from different forest types. The species were cultured in different media and inoculated on the seedlings of Pinus tabulaeiormis Carr., P. massoniana Lamb., Larix gmelini (Rupr.) Rupr., P. sylvestris var. mongolica Litv., P. koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc., P. taeda L., P. elliottii Engelm.The results indicated that PDMA and PD were suitable media for the four ECM fungi. Saw-dust, wheat brans, rice brans, corn folur, vermicul-ate, peat,perlite were suitable solid media for the development of the ECM fungi.The four species of ECM fungi could enhance the growth of 5 pines. An excellent fungus for symbiont of the pines was C. russus, then L. insul-sus, R. delica, P. tinctorius successively. For P. taeda, the best one was L. insulus, successively R. delica, P. tinctorius. The seedling growth of P. elliottii is better than that of the controls. P. sylvestris var. mongolica possessed the strongest adaptibility to the infection of these mycorrhizal fungi,