旱后复水对不同玉米品种蒸腾效率的影响

试验设3个控水水平、2个时段进行水分控制,研究旱后复水对两个玉米品种气孔阻力、蒸腾速率、光合速率、蒸腾效率的影响。结果表明,干旱后复水玉米表现很强的水分和光合生理活性,干旱后复水玉米气孔阻力大幅下降、蒸腾速率大幅上升、光合速率迅速提高,有些处理优于一直正常供水的处理;玉米旱后复水对气孔阻力、蒸腾速率的影响表现出品种间差异,酒单2号比豫玉22在气孔阻力、蒸腾速率上更容易恢复至旱前水平,光合速率提高的幅度很大;玉米蒸腾效率表现出品种间与处理方式间的差异,旱后复水豫玉22的蒸腾效率得到提高,酒单2号没有显著提高,旱后对水分增加敏感的品种有更高的生理活性,以较快的干物质增长速率和较高的水分利用效率补偿前期干旱的损失。因此,选择对水分增加敏感的玉米品种可以提高旱地水分利用效率,增加玉米产量。

Effect of Post-drought Rewatering on Transpiration Efficiency of Various Maize Varieties

Three water level and two phases were set to research on the effects of post-drought rewatering on stomatal resistance,transpiration rate,photosynthesis rate,transpiration efficiency and growth of two maize varieties.The results showed that maize appeared more activity in water relation and photosynthesis after the post-drought rewatering,the stomatal resistance was significantly decreased,transpiration rate and photosynthesis rate were significantly increased to a higher level compared with the fully water supply treatment.There was variety’s difference in the influence degree of stomatal resistance and transpiration rate after the post-drought rewatering,Jiudan 2 was easy recovered to the former level and the photosynthetic rate had a large increment.There were varieties and treatments differences in the influence degree of transpiration efficiency after the post-drought rewatering,the transpiration efficiency of Yuyu 22 was significantly increased and has significantly increment for Jiudan 2.There was more physiological activity for the rewatering sensitive varieties,it could be compensated by the higher growth rate and water use efficiency after post-drought rewatering.It could be said that selecting rewatering sensitive varieties can improve the maize water use efficiency and yield.